English grammar · Basic English (A2) · 12 min
English questions and negative sentences: Hindi guide
Be, do, does, did aur can ke saath sawaal aur negative sentences ka sahi pattern chunein.
English questions and negative sentences: understand the rule
Aap baat ke verb aur samay ke hisaab se sawaal bana sakenge, short answer de sakenge aur negative sentence bol sakenge.
Conversation ko aage badhane ke liye sirf apni baat kehna kaafi nahi: aapko sawaal bhi poochna hota hai. English mein aksar ek helping verb subject se pehle aata hai.
Sabse pehle dekhein: sentence mein be ya can hai, ya work aur need jaisa action/state verb? Phir present aur past ka farq dekhein. Isi se sahi helping word chunna aasaan hoga.
Pehle se helping verb hai to use aage laayein
Be wale sentences mein am, is, are, was ya were ko subject se pehle laayein. Can wale sentence mein can aage aayega. Present continuous mein bhi am/is/are hi aage aata hai, aur -ing form bana rahta hai.
Negative ke liye helping verb ke baad not lagayein. Is not ko isn't, are not ko aren't aur cannot ko can't keh sakte hain. I am not ka aam short form I'm not hai.
Do, does ya did ki madad lein
Present simple mein I/you/we/they ke saath do aur he/she/it ke saath does use karein. Past simple mein action verbs ke sawaalon ke liye sab subjects ke saath did aata hai. Inke baad main verb base form mein rahega.
Negative mein don't, doesn't ya didn't ke baad bhi base form chahiye. English mein sirf main verb ke aage not laga dena kaafi nahi hota. Jaise 'I not understand' ki jagah 'I don't understand' kahein.
Kya, kahan aur kab ki details poochhein
Information chahiye to what, where, when ya what time ko sawaal ke aage rakhein. Pehle yes/no question banayein, phir zaroori question word jodein. Where do you work? mein where jagah poochta hai.
Jab who khud kaam karne waala subject ho, pattern alag hai: 'Who called you?' mein did ki zaroorat nahi. Aapne kisko call kiya, yeh poochhna ho toh 'Who did you call?' bolein. Pehle sentence mein sawaal hai kisne call kiya; doosre mein kisko call kiya.
Short answer mein wahi helping word rakhein
Do wale sawaal ka short answer do/don't se, does wale ka does/doesn't se aur can wale ka can/can't se dein. Isse ek saaf chhota jawab milta hai; zaroorat ho to aage detail jodein.
Practice mein ek sawaal ka haan aur na dono jawab bolein. Apne baare mein jawab dete waqt question ke you ko I mein badalna yaad rakhein. 'Are you ready?' ka jawab 'Yes, I am' hota hai.
Sentence pattern and quick reference
Sentence pattern
Be/can ho: helping verb + subject + baaki baat? | Present simple: do/does + subject + base verb? | Past simple: did + subject + base verb?
| Statement | Question | Negative |
|---|---|---|
| You are free. | Are you free? | You aren't free. |
| She works here. | Does she work here? | She doesn't work here. |
| They called today. | Did they call today? | They didn't call today. |
| He can help. | Can he help? | He can't help. |
| You are waiting. | Are you waiting? | You aren't waiting. |
English sentences with Hindi meanings
Example 1
Are you available after lunch?
Kya aap lunch ke baad free hain?
Example 2
Where does your sister work?
Aapki behen kahan kaam karti hain?
Example 3
Did you receive the email?
Kya aapko email mila?
Example 4
I don't understand this question.
Mujhe yeh sawaal samajh nahi aa raha.
Example 5
Can you repeat the address, please?
Kya aap address dobara bata sakte hain, please?
Example 6
She isn't attending the meeting today.
Woh aaj meeting mein shaamil nahi ho rahi hain.
Example 7
Who sent this document?
Yeh document kisne bheja?
Who subject hai, isliye yahan did nahi aata.
Common mistakes and corrections
Instead of
Where you work?
Say this
Where do you work?
Poore present simple information question mein subject you ke pehle helping verb do chahiye.
Instead of
Does she needs help?
Say this
Does she need help?
Does ke baad main verb base form need mein aata hai.
Instead of
I not have the file.
Say this
I don't have the file.
Yahan have main verb hai. Present simple negative ke liye don't have ka pattern use karein.
Instead of
Do you can speak slowly?
Say this
Can you speak slowly?
Can pehle se maujood hai. Use aage laayein; do mat jodein.
Try it yourself
Pehle apna jawab bolein. Phir sample answer aur explanation dekhein.
1. Jagah poochhein. Sentence: She studies in Pune. Sawaal Where se shuru karein.
Show answer and explanation
Where does she study?
Woh kahan padhti hain?
She ke saath does aur uske baad base form study use karein.
2. Negative banayein: I understood the instructions.
Show answer and explanation
I didn't understand the instructions.
Mujhe instructions samajh nahi aaye.
Past negative mein didn't ke baad understood wapas understand banta hai.
3. 'Can you join the call?' ka na mein short answer dein. I se shuru karein.
Show answer and explanation
No, I can't.
Nahi, main call join nahi kar sakta/sakti.
Can wale sawaal mein negative short answer can't se aata hai.
4. Kisne madad ki poochhein. Sentence: Neha helped you. Neha ki jagah Who use karein.
Show answer and explanation
Who helped you?
Aapki madad kisne ki?
Who khud subject hai, isliye yahan did ki zaroorat nahi. Helped past form mein rahega.
Say it in your own words
Class ya office ki situation sochein. Ek Are you...?, ek Do you...?, ek Did you...? aur ek Can you...? sawaal bolein. Har sawaal ka haan ya na mein short answer dein, phir ek chhoti detail jodein.
